@misc{oai:barrel.repo.nii.ac.jp:00005260,
 author = {Katayama, Noboru and Suzuki, Nobuhiko and Ogura , Kazuhiro},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {The efficiency of herbivore exclusion by ants on the vetch Vicia angustifolia L. with extrafloral nectary (EFN), mediated by ant attraction to aphids was investigated in the field census and laboratory experiments. In the field, workers of Lasius japonicus Santschi and Tetramorium tsushimae Emery frequently visited plants of the vetch parasitized by aphids of Aphis craccivora Koch, but a few workers on plants unparasitized by aphids. An increase in the number of ants visiting a plant with increasing number of aphids caused in a decrease in the number of larvae of the weevil, Hypera postica Gyllenhal. Therefore, the efficiency of herbivore exclusion by ants was higher on plants parasitized by Ap. craccivora aphids than that on plants unparasitized by aphids. In laboratory experiments, L. japonicus workers patrolled frequently not only shoots with Ap. craccivora aphids but also shoots without them. On the other hand, T. tsushimae workers visited mainly shoots with Ap. craccivora aphids but less frequently on shoots without aphids. Therefore, L. japonicus workers excluded herbivores more efficiently on plants of the vetch than T. tsushimae workers. Consequently, the  efficiency of herbivore exclusion by ants on the vetch may be influenced directly by difference in ant species and indirectly by the presence of aphids on plants. This study highlights the significance of indirect interactions between ants and plants with EFN, mediated by ant attraction to aphids for herbivore exclusion of plants.},
 title = {The efficiency of herbivore exclusion by ants on the vetch Vicia angustifolia L. (Leguminosae ), mediated by ant attraction to aphids},
 year = {2004}
}